ABSTRACT
Objective: Oral health is a public health challenge that must be addressed by integrating its social and biological dimensions to adopt a dental practice with a sense of integrality that takes into account the needs and potentialities of each person and context. The objective of this study was to analyze the oral health status of schoolchildren in a socio-environmentally vulnerable urban area of the city of Córdoba, Argentina, within the framework of a comprehensive collective intervention, conducted in the period 2013-2015 at the María del Tránsito Cabanillas school. Material and Methods: The intervention was organized in 3 stages: diagnosis, collective design and implementation of oral health promotion strategies, and evaluation, applying qualitative and quantitative logics appropriate to the object of study. Diagnosis was carried out in 2013, performing a clinical-dental examination of schoolchildren aged 6 to 8 years and a participatory study of the school environment. Results: Based on the diagnostic data, the stage of collective design and implementation of promotion strategies and oral health care was carried out. The evaluation of the intervention was performed through the clinical-dental examination of schoolchildren aged 10 to 12 years who attended the school in 2015, and who, also having attended the same institution in 2013, participated in the diagnostic study and analysis of the qualitative records related to the intervention. Healthy clinical trends and positive assessments by the different actors were observed. Conclusion: The results encourage continuing conducting comprehensive intervention strategies for oral health promotion and care.
Objetivo: La salud bucal constituye un desafío de la salud pública que demanda ser abordado integrando su dimensión social y biológica, para desarrollar una práctica odontológica con sentido de integralidad que respete las necesidades y potencialidades del contexto. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la salud bucal de escolares de un área urbana socio-ambientalmente vulnerabilizada de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina, en el marco de una intervención integral colectiva, desarrollada durante el periodo 2013-2015 en la escuela María del Tránsito Cabanillas.Material y Métodos: La intervención se desarrolló en 3 etapas: diagnóstico, diseño colectivo e implementación de estrategias de promoción de salud bucal y evaluación, aplicando lógicas cualitativa y cuantitativa según correspondiera al objeto de estudio. En el año 2013 se llevó a cabo el diagnóstico realizándose exámen clínico-odontológico a los escolares de 6 a 8 años y estudio participativo del entorno escolar.Resultados: A partir de los datos diagnósticos se realizó la etapa de Diseño colectivo e implementación de estrategias de promoción y atención de salud bucal. La evaluación de la intervención se realizó a través del examen clínico-odontológico a los escolares de 10 a 12 años asistentes a la institución escolar en el año 2015, que habiendo asistido en el año 2013 a la misma institución participaron del estudio diagnóstico y del análisis de los registros cualitativos relativos a la intervención desarrollada. Se observaron tendencias clínicas saludables y valoraciones positivas por parte de los diferentes actores.Conclusión: Los resultados estimulan a continuar desarrollando estrategias de intervención integrales de promoción y atención de salud bucal.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Oral Health , Dental Care , Health Promotion , Argentina/epidemiology , Delivery of Health CareABSTRACT
Objetivo: este estudo transversal multicêntrico objetivou determinar a proporção de cárie dentária, sua gravidade e atividade em escolares brasileiros e argentinos. Métodos: a amostra foi composta por escolares selecionados por conveniência, 406 do Brasil (Belo Horizonte - MG) e 241 da Argentina (Córdoba-Cba). Os dados foram coletados por seis dentistas previamente treinados e calibrados (kappaintra≥0,63; kappainter≥0,67). A proporção e gravidade da cárie foram medidas pelos índices ceod e CPOD. A alta experiência de cárie foi identificada pelo Significant Caries Index (SiC). A atividade de cárie foi avaliada segundo a reflexão e a textura da superfície (Nyvad et al., 1999) e o Índice de Cuidados (O/CPO*100) foi mensurado. Resultados: a proporção de livres de cárie (ceod e CPOD = 0) no Brasil foi de 45,7% e 19,9% na Argentina. O ceod foi de 1,48 (IC95%: 1,26-1,71) e 2,38 (IC95%: 2,0-2,72) entre escolares do Brasil e da Argentina, respectivamente. Nos dois países, o componente cariado foi o mais frequente. Entre os indivíduos com experiência de cárie (ceod > 1 e/ou CPOD > 1), a atividade de cárie esteve presente em 77,5% das crianças examinadas no Brasil e em 26,4% na Argentina. No grupo SiC, o CPOD foi de 2,20 (IC95%: 1,95-2,20) no Brasil e 2,17 (IC95%: 1,91-2,43) na Argentina, e o ceod no Brasil foi de 3,37 (3,01-3,72) e na Argentina 5,56 (5,04-6,07). O Índice de Cuidados foi baixo. Conclusão: em ambos os países, a proporção de crianças com experiência de cárie foi alta. Concentração de carga e atividade de cárie foi encontrada em grupos de polarização. Cabe ressaltar que a cárie dentária na dentição decídua é um problema relevante que necessita de esforços direcionados em ambos os países.
Objective: This multicentric cross-sectional study aimed to determine the proportion of dental caries, its' severity and activity among Brazilian and Argentines schoolchildren. Methods: The sample was selected by convenience and comprised of 406 schoolchildren from Brazil (Belo Horizonte-MG) and 241 in Argentina (Córdoba-Cba). Data were collected by six previously trained and calibrated dentists (kappaintra≥0.63; kappainter≥0.67). The proportion and severity of dental caries were measured by dmft and DMFT index. The high caries experiences was identified using Significant Caries Index (SiC). The caries activity was evaluated according to the reflection and texture of the surface (Nyvad et al., 1999) and the Care Index (O/CPO * 100) was measured. Results: The caries free (dmft and DMFT = 0) in Brazil was 45.7% and 19.9% in Argentina. The dmft was 1.48 (95% CI: 1.26-1.71) and 2.38 (95% CI: 2.0-2.72) among schoolchildren in Brazil and Argentina, respectively. In both countries, decayed component was the most frequent observed. Among subjects with caries experience (dmft > 1 and / or DMFT > 1) the caries activity was present in 77.5% of the children examined in Brazil and 26.4% in Argentina. In SiC group, DMFT was 2.20 (95% CI: 1.95-2.20) in Brazil and 2.17 (95% CI: 1.91-2.43) in Argentina and dmft in Brazil was 3.37 (3.01-3.72) and in Argentina was 5.56 (5.04-6.07). The Care Index was low. Conclusions: In both countries, the proportion of children with caries experience was high. Concentration of burden and caries activity was found in polarization' groups. It is noteworthy that caries in the primary dentition is a relevant problem that needs targeted efforts in both countries.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Students , Uses of Epidemiology , Public HealthABSTRACT
Objetivo: Construir y validar un instrumento diagnóstico de pautas de consumo alimentario infantil en el recreo escolar para contextualizar estrategias promotoras de salud. Método: Participaron en el estudio 240 escolares de ambos géneros de 6 a 13 años de edad Los contenidos se elaboraron a partir de información obtenida previamente en ese mismo contexto a través de entrevistas a los maestros , observación de recreos y registro de residuos en basureros. En las opciones se priorizó el formato iconográfico. Para la validación se aplicó panel de expertos, validez de campo, prueba piloto y Coeficiente alfa Cronbach. Resultados: Se modificó el instrumento eliminándose una pregunta por sesgo de deseabilidad y la distribución espacial de íconos y palabras para evitar sesgo de reiteración; se incorporaron nuevos productos, sugeridos por el panel de expertos, conformado por pedagogos, biólogos, psicólogos, odontólogos, nutricionista y maestros de de nivel primario. Los niños del primer ciclo escolar mostraron dificultad en la lectura comprensiva de consignas, la que fue superada modificando tipo de letra y forma de administración. Conclusión: La aplicación de un instrumento de relevamiento de hábitos alimenticios adaptado a las potencialidades psico-cognitivas-culturales (edad y nivel educativo ) de los destinatarios, permitió un diagnóstico válido para contextualizar estrategias promotoras de salud.
Objective: To develop and validate a diagnostic tool for food consumption patterns in childrens school playtime to contextualize health-promotion strategies. Method: The content was developed according to information obtained with other instruments in this context. The iconographic format was prioritized in the options. Validation included a panel of experts, a validity of field test and Cronbach alpha coefficient.Results: The instrument was modified by removing a question of desirability bias and the spatial distribution of icons and words to avoid reiteration bias; we added new products, suggested by the panel of experts. The children of the first school cycle showed difficulty in the reading comprehension of slogans, which they overcame by modifying the font and the way the test was applied, thus giving greater viability to the test.Conclusion: The application of an instrument to survey food habits adapted to the psycho-cultural-cognitive potential of respondents provided a valid diagnosis to design contextualized health-promoting strategies.Adapted to the age and educational level of respondents.
Subject(s)
Child , Eating , Food Preferences , Feeding BehaviorABSTRACT
Objetivo: analizar la situación clínica-odontológica en relación al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas (PSA), en adolescentes y jóvenes drogodependientes en recuperación, en Córdoba, Argentina. Métodos: participaron 61 adolescentes y jóvenes de 15 a 30 años de edad. Se realizó examen clínico odontológico y se tomaron muestras de saliva total. Las variables consideradas relativas a los hábitos de consumo de SPA, se obtuvieron de historias clínicas. Se aplicó Coeficiente de Spearman y Análisis de Correspondencia para estudiar la relación entre variables. Resultados: se observó asociación (CS≥0,50) entre tiempo de exposición a SPA, Lesión-Estomatológica y componente C del CPOD. El Análisis de Correspondencia, en sujetos con exposición a SPA >7años mostró asociación entre Mancha blanca, C, IPC grado 4 y policonsumo diario. Conclusión: policonsumo, la frecuencia y el tiempo de exposición SPA, fueron los factores de mayor impacto negativo en la salud del componente bucal, en este estudio
Objective: analyze the clinical status and their relation with consumer habits of (PSA) in adolescents and young drug addicts in recovery, in Córdoba, Argentina. Methods: 61 people from 15 to 30 years of age participated. Dental clinical examination was carried out and whole saliva samples were taken. SPA consumer habits were obtained from the records. The coefficient of Sperman and correspondence analysis was applied to the study of the relationship between variables. Results: Association (CS≥0, 50) between exposure to SPA, stomatology injury and D component of DMFT was observed. The correspondence analysis in subjects with exposure to SPA > 7 showed the association between white spot, C, IPC grade 4 and polydrug use with history of daily consumption. Conclusion: polydrug use, frequency and time of exposure SPA, would be the factors of greater negative impact on the oral component health